Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by persistent airway symptoms and airflow limitation. According to the World Health Organization, COPD ranks as the third leading cause of death globally and is the ninth leading cause of death in Taiwan. In 2019, COPD was responsible for 3.23 million deaths worldwide, accounting for 6% of all global deaths. The primary symptoms of COPD include shortness of breath (dyspnea), chronic cough, and excessive sputum production. Secondary symptoms often include sleep disturbances, increased levels of anxiety or depression, fatigue, weight loss, and anorexia. Increased airway secretions are a hallmark symptom of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD). When coughing becomes ineffective in clearing these secretions, they accumulate in the airways, potentially leading to infections or airway obstruction, which can significantly worsen the patient's clinical condition.

Methods: This case study focuses on the management of a COPD patient who was admitted due to an acute exacerbation, characterized by a significant increase in respiratory secretions that resulted in severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia. The intervention involved the use of an Oscillatory Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) device. By providing oscillations and positive pressure during exhalation, the OPEP device helps facilitate sputum clearance, reduces airway obstruction, and improves pulmonary ventilation. This study evaluates the patient's improvement in respiratory distress and sputum clearance following the use of the OPEP device, with a focus on clinical observations and diagnostic results to assess its therapeutic efficacy in the context of AECOPD.

Results: The application of the OPEP device led to significant improvements in the patient’s respiratory status, notably reducing sputum accumulation and alleviating symptoms associated with the acute exacerbation. The intervention not only eased the immediate respiratory distress but also enhanced the patient's overall quality of life. As an adjunctive therapy, the OPEP device demonstrated considerable potential in managing acute exacerbations of COPD. Its clinical effectiveness in facilitating respiratory recovery underscores its value as a supportive treatment option for improving pulmonary function in patients with AECOPD.